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XHTML Tags Reference
XHTML
is a reformulation of HTML 4 as an XML 1.0 application. The stricter nature of
XML requires you to follow more rules than before when creating documents:
The most important rules for creating valid XHTML
- Include the correct DOCTYPE declaration at the beginning of the file.
- Add the attribute xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" to the <html> tag.
- Close all tags: Omitting </p> is not valid anymore.
- Change all tags to lowercase: <P> becomes <p>.
- Correctly specify empty elements: <hr> becomes <hr />.
- Quote all attribute values: <p align="right">.
- Always add attribute values: <hr noshade="noshade">.
- Always use & for & in attributes: <a href="?a=1&b=2">.
Document
Type
|
Namespace
Description |
Transitional
|
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC
"-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN">
The more forgiving, more backwards-compatible version of XHTML |
Strict
|
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC
"-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN">
The more rigorous, more XML-style version of XHTML |
Frameset
|
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC
"-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Frameset//EN">
DTD for frames |
Most commonly used tags in XHTML
XHTML
tags
|
|
Basic tags
|
|
<html>
|
Creates an XHTML document
|
<head>
|
Defines the title and other
information that is not part of the Web page itself
|
<body>
|
Defines the Web page itself
|
Header tags
|
|
<title>
|
Defines the page title, usually
displayed in the browser's title bar
|
<base href="URI"
/>
|
Defines the base URL for this page
|
Body attributes
|
|
<body
background="URI">
|
Sets the page background image.
|
<body
bgcolor="rgb">
|
Sets the page background color,
either by name ("black"), or hex value ("#RRGGBB").
|
<body text="rgb">
|
Sets the page text color.
|
<body link="rgb">
|
Sets the color for hyperlinks.
|
<body vlink="rgb">
|
Sets the color for visited
(previously followed) links.
|
<body alink="rgb">
|
Sets the color for activated
(clicked) links.
|
Block tags
|
|
<p>...</p>
|
Defines a text paragraph.
|
<br />
|
Defines a forced linebreak.
|
<blockquote>
|
Defines a quoted, indented text
block.
|
<h1>...<h6>
|
Defines a level 1-6 heading.
|
<div>
|
Defines a page section.
|
<table>
|
Defines a tabular section.
|
<form>
|
Defines a Web form.
|
<ol>
|
Defines an ordered list (1, 2, 3,
...).
|
<ul>
|
Defines an unordered, bulleted
list.
|
<li>...</li>
|
Defines a list item in an ordered
or unordered list.
|
<dl>
|
Defines a definition list, with
terms and their definitions.
|
<dt>
|
Marks the term to be defined.
|
<dd>
|
Marks the definition of the term.
|
Text formatting tags
|
|
<code>, <tt>
|
Defines a fixed width font,
teletype typewriter style.
|
<em>, <cite>,
<i>
|
Emphasises or cites a text
passage, usually using italics.
|
<strong>, <b>
|
Uses strong, boldface font.
|
<pre>
|
Defines pre-formatted text, text
flow not to be controlled by browser.
|
<font size="#"
color="rgb">
|
Defines a new font for a text
region.
|
Anchor tags (links)
|
|
<a href="url">
|
Defines a hyperlink to another Web
page.
|
<a
href="mailto:email@domain.tld">
|
Defines a hyperlink to an email
recipient.
|
<a name="$">
|
Defines an anchor within the page.
|
<a href="#$">
|
Defines a hyperlink to an anchor
on the same page.
|
Graphics tags
|
|
<img src="url" />
|
Includes an image from the given
URL.
|
<hr />
|
Includes a horizontal rule.
|
<hr noshade="noshade"
/>
|
Includes a horizontal rule without
a shadow.
|
Table tags
|
|
<table>
|
Defines a table.
|
<tr>
|
Defines a new table row.
|
<td>
|
Defines a new table cell.
|
<th>
|
Defines a new table header cell.
|
Table attributes
|
|
<table border="#"
width="{#|%}">
|
Defines table border in pixels and
width in pixels or percent.
|
<tr align="{l|c|r}"
valign="{t|m|b}">
|
Defines horizontal and vertical
alignment of a row.
|
<td align="{l|c|r}"
valign="{t|m|b}">
|
Defines horizontal and vertical
alignment of a cell.
|
<td colspan="#"
rowspan="#">
|
Defines how many rows or columns a
cell should span, default is 1.
|
<td nowrap="nowrap">
|
Defines a new table cell.
|
Frame tags
|
|
<frameset>
|
Defines a set of frames.
|
<frameset
rows="{#|%|*},{#|%|*}">
|
Defines rows in the set, either in
pixels, percentage of width, or spanning the rest (*).
|
<frameset
cols="{#|%|*},{#|%|*}">
|
Defines columns in the set, either
in pixels, percentage of width, or spanning the rest (*).
|
<frame src="url"
name="$" />
|
Defines a frame with a name and
the URL for its content.
|
<noframes>
|
Alternative information for
browsers without frame support.
|
Form tags
|
|
<form
action="url">
|
Defines a form which will be sent
back to the action URL on submission.
|
<select name="$">
|
Defines a drop-down box, with
enclosing options as items.
|
<select name="$"
multiple="multiple" size="#">
|
Defines a multi-select box with
{size} entries height, with enclosing options as items.
|
<option
name="$">value</option>
|
Defines items in select boxes.
|
<textarea cols="#"
rows=#">
|
Defines a multiline text field
with cols times rows characters.
|
<input type="text"
name="$" />
|
Defines a single line text entry
field.
|
<input
type="checkbox" name="$" />
|
Defines a checkbox. The text for
the checkbox follows the tag.
|
<input type="radio"
name="$" value="$" />
|
Defines a radio button. The text
for the button follows the tag. Buttons with the same name form a group of
mutual exclusive buttons.
|
<input type="image"
border="#" name="$" src="url" />
|
Defines a submit button using an
image.
|
<input type="submit"
value="$" />
|
Defines a submit button using
value as the face text.
|
<input type="reset"
/>
|
Defines a button that resets the
form to blank entries.
|
Key
|
|
#
|
Integer number, usually pixels,
sometimes characters
|
%
|
Integer percentage value, followed
by a percent sign
|
$
|
String of alphanumeric characters,
starting with a letter
|
{l|c|r}
|
Horizontal alignment, one of
"left", "center", or "right"
|
{t|m|b}
|
Vertical alignment, one of
"top", "middle", or "bottom"
|
rgb
|
Color, specified by name
("black") or as RGB value ("#001122")
|
url
|
URL, usually http:// or file://
|
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